WHEN AFRICA INVENTED PAPER, PEN AND INK, WHERE WERE THEY?

Egypt, the cradle of civilization is noted for many world inventions such as the pyramids, pharoahs, amongst others. Three things you didn't know Was invented in Egypt are the pen, ink, and the paper.These three became the basis for written history after the cave man writings.

PAPER:

Paper as we know came from the papyrus plant located at the banks of the Nile river. As far as 2800BC, this magical plant was discovered; it is a reedy plant and the first flexible material used by

papyrus plant

papyrus sheet

the Egyptians for recording archives. The papyrus plant was converted into paper via this process: Fibrous layers within the stem of the plant were removed, placed did why side and and arranged. The sheet was placed into water and pressed tightly. When it dried, it transforms into a durable writing material.
In 751 BC, paper was modified by the Chinese and later, Islamic culture further modified and introduced paper production techniques to the Europeans by the 14th century. Paper mills became common in Spain, Italy, France and Germany and with the invention of printing in 1450s, the demand for paper skyrocketed.

Later in 1774, the element Chlorine was discovered and used to bleach paper to make it snowy white which is used till today.

papyrus reed pen

PEN:

The pen is mightier than The sword as often said was made possible by The Eyptians. The invention of the pen made it possible for scribes to communicate ideas and write history. The first real pens appeared with the Egyptian invention of papyrus , later paper, between 3000 and 2800 BC. These earliest writing impliments mainly reeds and rushes that could suck up a narrow of coloured liquid and when tilted at an angle, release it in a slow stroke. Egyptian scribes had an endless supply of writing impliments since the pens grew along the Nile river. These reed pens brought to an end the use of fingers dipped into blood or the juice of berries for writing.

Later in the 6th century, quill pens ecome very popular. Birds such as swans, turkeys and geese feathers made the best quill pens at the period. The Chinese calligraphy grew popular just when paper was being modified. I'm 1780, the English originated the steel- pointed pens and in early 19th century, fountain pens were a welcome improvement of pens. It was named fountain pen because their ink flowed continuously like a fountain of water. Moreso, in October 30, 1888, American inventor John H Loud patented for the ball-point pen.

INK:

Ink came into existence in Egypt at the same time as pen. The first ink was made from pulverized pin ash; this ink had an unpleasant odor due to the miture of lamp oil and gelatin from boiled donkey skin. However, Musk oil was used to perfume the ink; this perfumed ink dates to 2697 BC. During the late 11 dynasty of the old Egypt kingdom. Much later, adding gums, glues and resins to inks became n advanced way to produce inks. This new writing fluid was dicovered in about AD 1100.

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